Medical Science became part of the University of Ghana educational programmes in 1962 when the first batch of students was admitted to pursue courses for a degree in medicine. In 1974, the UGMS initiated the development of a Dental School. In 1994, the Medical School, in collaboration with the Ministry of Health, brought into being the School of Public Health for graduate courses leading to the award of MPH, MPhil and PhD degrees. The Ministry of Health, in 1998, initiated the establishment of a School of Allied Health Sciences to produce medical and dental technical graduates through the Medical School. Programmes for this School included physiotherapy, medical laboratory science and radiography.
In 1997, the Academic Board of the University endorsed a proposal from the UGMS to bring together the Medical School, Dental School, School of Public Health, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, School of Allied Health Sciences and School of Nursing as a College of Medical Sciences. On December 11, 1999, the University Council gave assent for the establishment of a College but changed the name to name to the College of Health Sciences. Since its inception two new schools have been added to the College, namely, the School of Nursing (established in 1962 as a department in the Faculty of Social Studies) and the School of Pharmacy.