Title: Study Unit 6 Quiz
Course: Human Nutrition and Dietetics

Q: How many times should a new born breastfeed in a 24hr peiod?
- 5-6 times
- 8-12 times
- 2-4 times
A: 8-12 times

Q: Breast milk gives a baby immunities from illnesses and disease.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Breast fed babies are less likely to have coloc and other digestive problems.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: What is the recommended duration of exclusive breastfeeding globally ?
- At least one month.
- Four to six months.
- Twelve months.
- Six months.
A: Six months.

Q: What is the global recommendation for how long a baby should be breastfed?
- Until the mother's milk dries up.
- Two years or longer.
- As long as possible.
- At least one year.
A: Two years or longer.

Q: Which of the following is a risk for babies who are not breastfed?
- Higher risk of not bonding with father.
- Higher risk of HIV/AIDs.
- Higher risk of malaria.
- Higher risk of diarrhoea.
A: Higher risk of diarrhoea.

Q: Why is breastfeeding important for the mother?
- It's part of a mother's duty.
- Breastfeeding reduces risk of breast and ovarian cancer.
- It reduces the risk of high cholesterol.
- Breastfeeding allows her to get pregnant soon after giving birth.
A: Breastfeeding reduces risk of breast and ovarian cancer.

Q: What should you discuss with a pregnant woman about breastfeeding?
- Special foods that will help her make more milk.
- Early and exclusive breastfeeding.
- How to diaper the baby.
- What kind of feeding bottles are best.
A: Early and exclusive breastfeeding.

Q: What will you make sure to discuss with a pregnant woman about breastfeeding?
- The importance of breastfeeding and exclusivity.
- The importance of making sure of the partner's approval.
- The importance of her mother's approval.
- The importance of preparing her breasts for breastfeeding.
A: The importance of breastfeeding and exclusivity.

Q: What should you discuss with a mother to prevent engorged breasts?
- Advise mother to breastfeed every 4 hours.
- Respond promptly to infant feeding cues.
- Recommend mother to only feed for 10 minutes per breast.
- Recommend mother limit fluid intake.
A: Respond promptly to infant feeding cues.

Q: Which statement about exclusive breastfeeding is correct?
- Mothers do not have enough breast milk in the first few days.
- Some supplementation with artificial milk won't alter the intestinal microflora.
- Baby will get all the nutrients needed by effective exclusive breastfeeding.
- Mother needs to exclusively breastfeed every 3-4 hours to have enough milk.
A: Baby will get all the nutrients needed by effective exclusive breastfeeding.

Q: What information would you share with a mother about a normal baby's typical feeding patterns in the first 36 hours of life?
- Feeding patterns are determined by the mother so that the infant is correctly trained to a feeding schedule.
- Mother should only feed the baby 6 times per 24h.
- Minimum feeding frequency is 8 times per 24 hours.
- Cluster feeding indicates low milk transfer and baby necessitates supplementation.
A: Minimum feeding frequency is 8 times per 24 hours.

Q: What is a common normal nursing pattern for a newborn in the first few days?
- Baby nurses for 10-30 minutes, at least 8 times a day in the first few months.
- Feeds for 10 minutes then needs to be burped.
- Feeds every 4 hours for 5-10 minutes.
- Nurses 4-6 times a day and sleeps 3-4 hours at a time.
A: Baby nurses for 10-30 minutes, at least 8 times a day in the first few months.

Q: Which of the following is a sign of adequate transfer of milk in the first few days?
- Stools are dark for the first week of life.
- At least 4 stools by Day 2.
- Baby has a large stool every day.
- Baby passes meconium stool followed by increase in stool output.
A: Baby passes meconium stool followed by increase in stool output.

Q: Name an important aspect that is observed at the end of a full breastfeeding assessment.
- Mother’s nipple is wet with milk, intact, and comfortable.
- Baby brings fist to mouth and begins sucking again.
- Mother’s nipple is creased at the tip.
- Milk is spurting from the mother’s breast and the breast is still feeling full.
A: Mother’s nipple is wet with milk, intact, and comfortable.

Q: What are 2 things that should be observed when assessing a full breastfeeding session?
- Infant has rhythmic bursts of sucking with brief pauses; infant releases the breast at the end of feed in obvious satiation.
- Mother's nipples hurt a little at the beginning of the feed; infant has rhythmic bursts of sucking.
- Mother supports he infant's head; mother admits her nipples hurt a little during feeds.
- Infant has sucking movements at the jaw; infant sucks at both breasts.
A: Infant has rhythmic bursts of sucking with brief pauses; infant releases the breast at the end of feed in obvious satiation.

Q: What is the BEST way to help a mother achieve a comfortable and safe position for breastfeeding during the hospital stay?
- Encourage a mother to try a number of different positions very early on so she can choose the one she prefers.
- Show the mother by placing her baby at the breast for her.
- Help the mother identify how to hold her baby to best facilitate the baby’s innate reflexes and latching.
- Use pictures and dolls so that standard advice on one position is always given.
A: Help the mother identify how to hold her baby to best facilitate the baby’s innate reflexes and latching.

Q: What are 2 key points for effective positioning baby at breast?
- Baby's head and body are in line; baby is supported.
- All of mother’s areola is in the baby's mouth.
- Latch is painful for the mother.
- Baby's nose is buried in the breast.
A: Baby's head and body are in line; baby is supported.

Q: When helping a mother to achieve an effective and comfortable latch, what is the FIRST thing to do?
- Ensure the mother brings baby to the breast and not breast to baby.
- Demonstrate to the mother how to release a latch that is painful or shallow without hurting herself.
- Explain that pain is normal for the first few weeks.
- Observe the mother breastfeeding.
A: Observe the mother breastfeeding.

Q: Which of the following is an early feeding cue?
- Baby is crying.
- Baby is moving around in the bed.
- Baby is salivating or rooting.
- Baby is wide awake.
A: Baby is crying.

Q: Name the most important newborn feeding cue.
- Baby opens the mouth and turns toward the breast (rooting or seeking).
- Sucking movements on a pacifier.
- Baby is restless and cannot settle.
- Baby is crying frantically.
A: Baby opens the mouth and turns toward the breast (rooting or seeking).

Q: Why is responsive feeding important for all mother-baby dyads?
- Babies learn how to self-regulate at the breast or with a bottle.
- Babies learn to request a feed whenever they want.
- Mothers who bottle-feed should schedule feeds.
- Responsive feeding is for breastfed babies not for bottle-fed babies.
A: Babies learn how to self-regulate at the breast or with a bottle.

Q: What does responsive feeding mean?
- Ensuring scheduled feedings for the baby.
- Responding promptly to the infant's cues for feeding.
- Ensuring baby is fed often and for short periods.
- Responding to all baby's behaviours by breastfeeding the baby at any time.
A: Ensuring scheduled feedings for the baby.

Q: When demonstrating to a mother how to hand express her milk, it is important to remind her to:
- Handwashing
- Slide her fingers from breast to areola.
- Massage the areola vigorously.
- Express for 2 minutes at most.
A: Handwashing

Q: Which statement about the appropriate storage of breast milk is correct?
- Freshly expressed human milk stored in a very warm room for more than 4 hours should be discarded.
- Freshly expressed warm milk could be added to already cooled or frozen milk to increase the storage amount.
- Containers for human milk storage must be sterilized with boiling water every time they are used. Careful washing in hot soapy water and rinsing are not enough.
- Any plastic containers with a lid are good storage containers.
A: Freshly expressed human milk stored in a very warm room for more than 4 hours should be discarded.

Q: Which statement about handling of thawed expressed breast milk is accurate?
- Re-heat human milk to above 60 degree C to kill the bacteria in the milk.
- Thawing milk in warm water causes less fat loss than slow thawing in the refrigerator.
- Use the earlier expressed milk instead of fresh milk first so the older one will not be wasted.
- Discard the remaining milk within 1–2 hours after the infant's feed.
A: Discard the remaining milk within 1–2 hours after the infant's feed.

Q: What is the key point to discuss with a mother know before she breastfeeds her preterm infant?
- A stable preterm infant demonstrates the same behaviours as a term baby.
- There is no such thing as a shallow latch for a preterm baby.
- Preterm, late preterm, or some weaker infants may not initially open their mouths wide enough to latch.
- A preterm baby can latch properly only after reaching a certain gestational age.
A: Preterm, late preterm, or some weaker infants may not initially open their mouths wide enough to latch.

Q: If a preterm, late preterm, or low-birth-weight infant is not sucking effectively at the breast, a conversation with the mother should include:
- A late preterm reacts exactly the same as a term infant.
- Encouragement to use frequent hand expression and compression of the breast.
- A caution that prolonged skin-to-skin contact can stress the baby.
- Encouragement to let the baby sleep as along as the baby wants and avoid waking for feeds.
A: Encouragement to use frequent hand expression and compression of the breast.

Q: Which statements about giving a breastfed newborn any food or fluids other than breast milk, in the absence of medical indication is CORRECT?
- Formula does not change the microbiota of the baby.
- Formula offers complete nutrition, same as breast milk. It does no harm.
- It can prevent infants' dehydration, jaundice or hypoglycaemia.
- Giving any food or fluids other than breast milk may interfere with the establishment of breast-milk production.
A: Formula offers complete nutrition, same as breast milk. It does no harm.

Q: When a 2-day-old breastfed baby with cleft palate needs supplementation following poor suckling at breast even after skilful help, which of the following is the BEST CHOICE?
- Oral glucose water.
- Mother’s own expressed milk.
- Standard infant formula.
- Hydrolysate infant formula.
A: Mother’s own expressed milk.

Q: Which step about safe preparation of formula is correct?
- Feed the baby immediately after mixing formula powder with boiled water.
- Use boiled water and add formula while water is above 70 degrees C.
- Use reconstituted formula within 4 hours.
- Routinely add one scoop of formula to 30cc boiled water.
A: Use boiled water and add formula while water is above 70 degrees C.

Q: What is an important element of safe cup feeding?
- Cup is rocked quickly back and forth to maximize baby’s intake.
- Baby is asleep.
- Baby should be held securely upright.
- Baby is lying supine on a flat surface.
A: Baby should be held securely upright.

Q: What is an UNSAFE action during cup feeding?
- Pour the milk in the baby’s mouth.
- Ensure the baby is fully awake, alert and interested in feeding.
- When the baby closes his/her mouth and will not take any more, stop cup feeding.
- Hold baby fairly upright for feeds.
A: Pour the milk in the baby’s mouth.

Q: Which feeding device is MOST APPROPRIATE if a preterm baby cannot yet breastfeed but can tolerate oral feeds?
- Teat.
- Tube against a finger.
- Syringe.
- Open cup.
A: Open cup.

Q: Which statement about the use of feeding bottle, teats and pacifiers is correct?
- The use of a pacifier prevents the mother from observing the infant’s subtle feeding cues, which may delay feeding.
- Bottles/teats/pacifiers can help mothers overcome the difficulties of breastfeeding.
- Babies need a pacifier to prevent sudden infant death syndrome.
- There is no difference between bottle feeding and breastfeeding.
A: The use of a pacifier prevents the mother from observing the infant’s subtle feeding cues, which may delay feeding.

Q: If a mother's nipples are flat or inverted, what is the FIRST important action to take?
- Place the baby in skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth and allow the baby to move to the breast.
- Help her hand-express her milk and feed it with a cup.
- Give her a nipple shield and explain how to use it.
- Suggest that the mother pull and stretch the nipples before trying to feed.
A: Place the baby in skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth and allow the baby to move to the breast.

Q: On day 3, the mother's breasts are full and hard, making it difficult for the baby to latch. Which suggestion is most helpful?
- Help the mother express some milk to soften her breast before attempting to feed her baby.
- Give her a nipple shield to put over the nipples.
- Apply cold packs to the breasts.
- Apply warm cloths to the breasts.
A: Help the mother express some milk to soften her breast before attempting to feed her baby.

Q: When a mother says her nipples are painful, what is the FIRST action that should be taken?
- Give her an ointment to put on her nipples.
- Tell her sore nipples are normal at the start of breastfeeding
- Tell her to shorten the length of the feed.
- Observe a full breastfeed, looking for deep attachment at breast.
A: Observe a full breastfeed, looking for deep attachment at breast.

Q: Which of the following contributes to the most common problems of lactating breasts?
- Keeping the baby at her breast for as long as baby desires.
- Keeping the baby in the same room so that the mother can respond to feeding cues.
- Practicing frequent skin-to-skin contact between feeds.
- Recommending scheduled feeds with set duration.
A: Recommending scheduled feeds with set duration.